This book is a comprehensive collection of Cai Yuanpei's insightful discourses on modern educational reform. This seminal work comprises 43 manuscripts and speeches, addressing six major themes: the Peking University Reform, students, educational philosophy, culture, worldview, and personal life. It delves into critical topics such as university restructuring, academic freedom, and the innovative idea of replacing religion with aesthetic education. Through these diverse themes, the book vividly presents Mr. Cai Yuanpei's pioneering educational thoughts and concepts. His vision of "freedom of thought and inclusiveness" not only reshaped Peking University but also laid the foundation for modern university education in China. This collection offers readers a unique glimpse into the challenges and triumphs of educational reform in early 20th-century China, highlighting Cai Yuanpei's enduring legacy as one of the most remarkable educators in modern Chinese history.